What is a Capacitor?
A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. Think of it like a small rechargeable battery, but with some key differences — it charges and discharges much faster, and doesn't store energy for long.
Why Use a Capacitor?
Store energy temporarily
Filter noise from signals
Smooth voltage in power supplies
Create time delays (in RC circuits)
There are other uses for a capacitor, but they are rarely used.
As you can see, a capacitor is connected in parallel between the input and GND of the components it is meant to affect.